VibeSec

// detection & exploit catalog

Everything VibeSec can find

Every vulnerability class our engine detects, the severity it typically carries, and the tools used to find and confirm it. Each one has its own page with how attackers abuse it and how to fix it. Named CVEs show a live EPSS score (probability of exploitation in the next 30 days), sourced from FIRST.org.

49

detection classes

29

active checks

20

passive checks

8+

named CVEs (Nuclei)

Notable CVEs in coverage

High-profile vulnerabilities detected by our Nuclei template engine (when enabled). EPSS is live from FIRST.org.

Vulnerability classes

CVSS shown is a representative base score; a real finding varies by context. EPSS is a per-CVE metric, so it is not applicable to a whole class.

49 of 49 detection capabilities

SQL Injection (error + blind)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

User input reaches a SQL query unsanitized. Tested with a battery of error, boolean, and time-based payloads across MySQL, PostgreSQL, MSSQL, and Oracle, then confirmed differentially. Leads to full database compromise.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativesqlmapOWASP ZAPWapitiNuclei

OS Command Injection (marker + blind)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Input reaches a system shell. Confirmed by executing a benign arithmetic command or a measured time delay. Leads to full server takeover.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativecommixOWASP ZAPWapiti

Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Input is rendered as a template; the server evaluates injected expressions. Often escalates directly to remote code execution.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei

NoSQL Injection

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Operator-object injection (e.g. {"$gt":""}) into a NoSQL query, bypassing authentication or extracting data.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOWASP ZAP

LDAP Injection

High (8.6)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Filter-syntax injection into an LDAP query to bypass authentication or enumerate directory users.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

XPath Injection

High (7.5)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Injection into an XPath query over XML data, similar to SQLi but against XML stores.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

CRLF Injection / HTTP Response Splitting

Medium (6.1)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Carriage-return/line-feed injection into the response, enabling header injection, cache poisoning, and response splitting.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapiti

Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS, multi-context)

Medium (6.1)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Unescaped reflection of user input enabling JavaScript execution in victims' browsers. Probed across HTML, attribute, script, and title contexts with context-aware payloads.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeXSStrikeOWASP ZAPWapiti

Open Redirect

Medium (6.1)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A redirect parameter accepts arbitrary external URLs, used to make phishing links appear to come from your trusted domain.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapitiNuclei

Cross-Site Request Forgery (missing token)

Medium (6.5)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

State-changing forms without an anti-CSRF token, allowing other sites to submit actions as a logged-in user.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

CORS Misconfiguration

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Origin reflection or wildcard with credentials, letting any site read authenticated responses on a victim's behalf.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Path Traversal / Local File Inclusion

High (7.5)
A01:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reading files outside the intended directory (confirmed by reading /etc/passwd). Often a path to config files and credentials.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOWASP ZAPWapiti

Remote File Inclusion (RFI)

Critical (9.8)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Server includes a remote, attacker-supplied file, leading to remote code execution.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeWapiti

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Critical (9.1)
A10:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Server fetches an attacker-controlled URL; confirmed by reaching the cloud metadata service, which exposes IAM credentials.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei (+ interactsh OOB)

Exposed Secrets / API Keys in client code

Critical (9.1)
A02:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

23 key patterns (Stripe, AWS, OpenAI, private keys, JWTs…) plus high-entropy detection in JS bundles and inline scripts.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Exposed Files (.env, .git, backups, dumps)

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Publicly reachable environment files, Git repos, SQL dumps, configs, and cloud credential files.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNucleiNikto

Backup & Temp File Exposure (filename-derived)

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Probes backup and editor copies of your real source and config files (config.php.bak, index.php~, .env.old, vim .swp). Served as text, they leak credentials and source code.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeffuf

Source Map Leak

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Accessible .js.map files reconstruct your original, unminified source code, revealing logic and hidden endpoints.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Directory Listing Enabled

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Directories with no index file return an auto-generated, browsable listing of every file inside.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNikto

Verbose Error / Stack Trace Disclosure

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detailed error pages leak framework, file paths, versions, and code/query fragments that help attackers.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Admin / Login Panel Exposure

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reachable admin and login panels that are prime targets for brute-force and default-credential attacks.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeffufdirsearchNikto

Hidden Parameter Discovery

Low (3.7)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Undocumented request parameters the server accepts but does not advertise, a common home for injection and access bugs.

Exploitable / detected with

arjun

Content / Endpoint Discovery

Low (3.7)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Brute-forced unlinked paths: hidden APIs, backups, configs, and panels that expand the attack surface. Two engines (ffuf and dirsearch) with different wordlists are run so fewer hidden paths are missed.

Exploitable / detected with

ffufdirsearchVibeSec native

Host Header Injection

Medium (6.5)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Reflected Host header enabling password-reset poisoning, cache poisoning, and malicious link generation.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

GraphQL Introspection Enabled

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A GraphQL endpoint that hands out its full schema, including hidden and admin-only operations.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei

Missing / Weak Security Headers

Medium (4.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Missing or weak CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options, etc., plus deep CSP analysis (unsafe-inline/eval, wildcards).

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Insecure Cookies

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Session cookies missing Secure / HttpOnly / SameSite, enabling theft via network sniffing, XSS, or CSRF.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Weak / Expired TLS Certificate

High (7.4)
A02:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Expired, self-signed, or soon-to-expire certificates and missing HTTP→HTTPS redirects.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Email Spoofing (SPF / DKIM / DMARC)

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Missing or weak email-authentication DNS records that let attackers send phishing as your domain.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Outdated Components with Known CVEs (live OSV lookup)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Fingerprints frameworks/libraries and queries the live OSV.dev database for the exact version's known CVEs (not a static list). Severity varies by the specific CVE.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeOSV.devNuclei

End-of-Life / Outdated Software (must-update)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detects the software and versions a site runs, then checks each against endoflife.date to flag releases that are End-of-Life (no more security patches) or behind the latest, with the exact safe version to upgrade to. The clearest 'you need to update this' signal.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativewebanalyzewhatwebendoflife.date

Technology & Version Fingerprint (Wappalyzer DB)

Info (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Broad detection of servers, frameworks, CMS, JavaScript libraries, and analytics using the Wappalyzer fingerprint database (hundreds of technologies), capturing versions wherever the site exposes them.

Exploitable / detected with

webanalyzewhatwebVibeSec native

Vulnerable JavaScript Libraries (Retire.js)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Downloads the JavaScript a page loads and scans it with Retire.js to flag client-side libraries with known vulnerabilities and CVEs. Catches the outdated jQuery/Bootstrap/Angular-style libraries that run in every visitor's browser.

Exploitable / detected with

Retire.js

Known CVE Templates (10,000+)

Critical (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Template-driven checks for thousands of named CVEs, default credentials, exposures, and misconfigurations.

Exploitable / detected with

NucleiOWASP ZAP

WAF Bypass / Evasion Testing

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Sends a blatant attack payload raw, then under common encodings. If the WAF blocks the raw form but a mutation slips through, your WAF has an exploitable gap. Defensive: only blocked-vs-passed, no exploitation.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativewafw00fXSStrike

Infrastructure / Deployment Exposure

Critical (9.1)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Flags database/management ports reachable from the internet (MySQL, Postgres, Mongo, Redis, Docker API), exposed metrics/debug endpoints, missing HTTPS redirect, and server-version disclosure.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativenmapnaabu

Defacement Risk

High (8.1)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detects the conditions that let an attacker replace your pages: writable HTTP methods (PUT/DELETE), unrestricted file uploads, and exposed content editors / file managers. Never defaces anything.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Public Exploit Correlation (Exploit-DB)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Takes the software and versions detected on your site and checks Exploit-DB for ready-to-run public exploits matching them, so you know what an attacker could grab off the shelf.

Exploitable / detected with

searchsploitExploit-DB

Service Vulnerability Scan (nmap NSE)

High (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Runs nmap's vuln script category against open services to flag known CVEs and exploitable misconfigurations on the host's network services.

Exploitable / detected with

nmap

Information & Contact Disclosure (OSINT)

Low (varies)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Collects the contact and personnel intelligence a site publishes (staff and role email addresses, phone numbers, social profiles, postal address, author names) and reports it as social-engineering attack surface, with guidance to reduce exposure. VibeSec gathers this defensively and never performs social engineering.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

Exposed Network Services (mail, FTP, SSH, RDP, DNS)

High (varies)
A05:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

A host rarely runs only a web server. Detects other internet-facing services on the same machine (SMTP/IMAP/POP3 mail, FTP, SSH, RDP, VNC, Telnet, DNS) and explains, per service, why each is a softer target than a hardened web server.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativenmap

Operating System & Network-Stack Fingerprint

Info (varies)
A06:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Infers the host operating system and network stack from how it responds to probes (nmap -O). The OS itself is an attack surface, and an exact match lets an attacker pick OS-level exploits.

Exploitable / detected with

nmap

Default Credentials (default-login checks)

High (varies)
A07:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

Non-destructive checks for default and well-known credentials on detected login interfaces and admin panels, using Nuclei's default-login templates (single-attempt, no brute-forcing).

Exploitable / detected with

Nuclei

Full Active Scan (optional, bring your own Burp Suite Pro + extensions)

High (varies)
A03:2025·Active·EPSS: varies per CVE

When a licensed Burp Suite Professional is connected (via its REST API), VibeSec drives its full crawl-and-audit active scan and ingests every issue Burp finds. If you load BApp-Store extensions, their checks run automatically inside that scan: ActiveScan++ (host-header attacks, edge-case injection, cache-poisoning hints), Backslash Powered Scanner (probe-then-confirm discovery of unknown and obfuscated injection points), J2EEScan and the Software Vulnerability Scanner (tech-specific payload sets). All layered on top of the native and OSS engines.

Exploitable / detected with

Burp Suite ProActiveScan++Backslash Powered ScannerJ2EEScanSoftware Vulnerability Scanner

Attack-Surface Topology Map

Info (varies)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

After each scan, visualizes your full external attack surface as an interactive graph: domain, subdomains, IPs, hosting/ASN, open ports, tech stack, WAF/CDN, and discovered endpoints.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativesubfindernmapasnmap

WordPress outdated plugins & themes

High (8.8)
A06:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Enumerates installed WordPress plugins and themes with their versions, then flags outdated ones by comparing against the official wordpress.org release data. Outdated plugins are the single most common way WordPress sites are compromised. Nuclei adds thousands of plugin/theme/core CVE templates on active scans.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec nativeNuclei

WordPress user enumeration

Medium (5.3)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Detects valid WordPress usernames leaked via the REST API (/wp-json/wp/v2/users) and author archives. Known usernames let attackers focus password-guessing on accounts that actually exist, especially the administrator.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

WordPress XML-RPC abuse

Medium (6.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Flags an enabled xmlrpc.php endpoint, which can be abused for brute-force amplification (hundreds of login attempts in one request via system.multicall) and pingback-based SSRF or reflected DDoS.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

WordPress exposed config & admin

High (7.5)
A05:2025·Passive·EPSS: varies per CVE

Probes for a readable wp-config.php (database credentials and secret keys), exposed wp-admin/wp-login surfaces, and an accessible theme editor that would let an attacker edit site code directly.

Exploitable / detected with

VibeSec native

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